Processing Experiences → Understanding Emotions

Stage Three

Understanding Emotions

Once our beliefs decide what an experience means, our brain and body report back on how it affects our well-being.

That report is an emotion.

Next: Behaviors →

What Makes Up an Emotion?

An emotion is more than a feeling. It is three things working together.

One

Feeling

The physical sensation in the body

+

Two

Context and Meaning

What our beliefs say it means

+

Three

Label

The name we give the experience

=

Emotion

The Feelings We Notice

  • Racing Heart
  • Tightness in the Chest
  • Churning Stomach
  • Warmth in the Face
  • Lightness or Calm

The Labels We Give Them

  • Excitement
  • Anxiety
  • Anger
  • Relief
  • Sadness
  • Joy

Between the feeling and the label sits meaning. That is where our beliefs do their work.

The Same Feeling, Two Emotions

A sensation on its own does not tell us much. The context does.

A racing heart

+

Before a roller-coaster ride

=

Excitement

A racing heart

+

Before a job interview

=

Anxiety

The sensation is identical. The belief is different. So is the emotion.

Emotions Are Feedback

Not obstacles to suppress. Not verdicts about reality. A report of what our brain currently believes.

The feeling is real.

The feeling is genuine. The body is not pretending.

It may not be accurate.

The belief producing it may be exaggerated, outdated, or simply mistaken.

Read It Backward

What am I feeling?

What does my brain believe is happening?

What does it believe this means for me?

Every emotion is a pathway back to the belief that made it.

What the Intensity Tells Us

Mildly uneasy, or deeply anxious. The strength of an emotion is information too.

Mild

Intense

Intensity reflects how far our brain believes our well-being has moved from where it wants to be.

A mild emotion. Relatively little appears to be at stake.

A powerful emotion. Something important seems to be gained, lost, or threatened.

Intensity tells us how strongly our brain believes it, not whether it is right.

Positive and Negative Emotions

Both are doing the same job. They simply point in different directions.

Well-being Supported

Positive Emotions

Encourage us to continue, explore, connect, and engage.

  • Joy
  • Relief
  • Interest
  • Gratitude
  • Contentment
  • Excitement

Well-being at Risk

Negative Emotions

Draw our attention toward something that seems to need a response.

  • Fear
  • Anxiety
  • Anger
  • Sadness
  • Shame
  • Frustration

Negative emotions are uncomfortable on purpose. Discomfort is how they get our attention.

They do not prove something is wrong. They mean our brain believes something important may be at risk.

Well-Being

How Emotions Guide Behaviour

Every emotion arrives already prepared to act.

Fear

Escape, or avoid.

Anger

Confront, or defend.

Sadness

Withdraw, rest, or seek support.

Joy

Continue, connect, and explore.

When the belief underneath is accurate, that push is useful. When it is exaggerated or outdated, the same push sends us the wrong way.

To change behavior, we must change the beliefs producing the emotion, not fight the emotion itself.

Behaviors Beliefs

Reading Our Emotions

Emotions make more sense once we can recognize all the parts of them.

That’s exactly what the 4-Steps help us do.

The 4-Steps Behaviors →

The four steps as icons: an eye for Mindfulness, a hand held in a heart for Compassion, a lightbulb for Insight, and turning gears for Reframing